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Differential growth responses in seedlings of ten species of Dipterocarpaceae to experimental shading and defoliation

机译：10种龙脑香科植物幼苗对实验遮荫和落叶的差异生长反应

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The responses of plants to shade and foliar herbivory jointly affect growth rates and community assembly. We grew 600 seedlings of ten species of the economically important Dipterocarpaceae in experimental gradients of shading (0.3-47.0% of full sunlight) and defoliation (0, 25%, 50% or 75% of leaf area removed). We assessed stem diameters initially, after 2 and 4 mo, and calculated relative growth rates (RGR) with a linear model. Shading interacted with defoliation, reducing RGR by 21.6% in shaded conditions and 8.9% in well-lit conditions. We tested three hypotheses for interspecific trade-offs in growth responses to shading and defoliation. They could be positively related, because both reduce a plant's access to carbon, or inversely related because of trade-offs between herbivore resistance and tolerance. We observed, however, that species varied in their response to shading, but not defoliation, precluding an interspecific trade-off and suggesting that plants tolerate shade and herbivory with differing strategies. Shading most strongly reduced the growth of species with less-dense wood and larger seeds. The strong and variable growth responses to shade, contrasted with the weak and uniform responses to defoliation, suggest that variation in light availability more strongly affects the growth of tropical tree seedlings, and thus community assembly, than does variation in herbivory
机译：植物对遮荫和叶面食草的反应共同影响生长速度和群落聚集。我们在遮荫（全日照的0.3-47.0％）和脱叶（已去除叶面积的0、25％，50％或75％）的实验梯度下，种植了10种经济上重要的龙脑香科植物的600株幼苗。我们最初在2和4 mo后评估茎的直径，并使用线性模型计算相对生长速率（RGR）。阴影与脱叶相互作用，在阴影条件下的RGR降低21.6％，在光线充足的条件下的RGR降低8.9％。我们测试了三种假设，以实现对阴影和落叶的生长响应中的种间权衡。它们可能是正相关的，因为两者都会减少植物获得碳的机会，或者可能由于草食动物的抗性和耐受性之间的权衡而相反。但是，我们观察到，物种对阴影的反应各不相同，但对落叶没有变化，这排除了种间折衷，并表明植物可以通过不同的策略耐受阴影和食草。遮光作用最强地降低了密度较低的木材和较大种子的物种的生长。与对落叶的弱而均匀的响应相反，对阴影的强而可变的生长响应表明，光利用率的变化比草食性变化对热带树木幼苗的生长以及社区聚集的影响更大。

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